Guangxi Daily Exclusive: Uburyo iyi kamyo yo muri Liuzhou yazamuye ku rutonde rw'imigabane ku isoko ry'igihugu

Vuba aha, amakamyo mashya ya hydrogen fuel cells yavuye buhoro buhoro mu iduka rikora imodoka z’ubucuruzi rya Dongfeng Liuzhou Motor Co., Ltd. (DFLZM)Izuba ry'impeshyi ryarabagiranaga ku mibiri yabo itukura, bituma ikirango cya "Chenglong" gikurura amaso kirabagirana cyane. Qiu Li, Umuyobozi w'Ibicuruzwa muri Ikamyo yorohejes & Hydrogen Fuel Products muri DFLZM, yakoranye buhoro buhoro n'ijwi rye yishimiye ati: "Icyo ubona si ikamyo nshya gusa, ahubwo ni 'imodoka yubaka ubutunzi' ishingiye ku ngamba z'igihugu z'ingufu ziha abantu imbaraga zo kongera amafaranga yabo!"

DFLZM yashyizeho ingufu za hydrogen nk'igice cy'ingenzi hamwe na lisansi, gazi n'amashanyarazi. Yarangije ubushakashatsi n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga ry'ingenzi ku makamyo ya hydrogen kuva mu 2022, yakusanyije amakuru menshi afatika mu mikorere, kandi ishyira mu bikorwa ishingiye ku miterere y'ibintu bitandukanye mu makamyo yuzuye harimo amakamyo yoroheje, aciriritse n'amakamyo akomeye. Bafite amatsiko, abanyamakuru binjiye mu muyoboro wa nyuma w'ibikorwa bya DFLZM by'ubucuruzi, kugira ngo barebe uburyo iki kigo gikomeye cy'imodoka i Liuzhou, gifite imyaka irenga 70 y'ibikorwa byimbitse mu rwego rw'imodoka z'ubucuruzi, gikemura ibibazo bikomeye mu nganda gikoresheje udushya twinshi kandi bubaka umusingi ukomeye w'abashoferi b'amakamyo wo kwihangira ubutunzi binyuze mu izina ryacyo ku isoko.

"Ntimugashukwe n'isura isa n'iyi kamyo ikomeye ya hydrogen hamwe n'amakamyo asanzwe akomeye. Udushya mu ikoranabuhanga turimo ni 'ubuhanga nyakuri'," ibi ni ibyavuzwe na Ping Yan, injeniyeri wo muri DFLZM R&D Institute, ubwo yicaraga hasi akomanga ku byuma bibika hydrogen byari biteguye neza.

Ubwo yafunguraga agasanduku k’imashini zitunganya lisansi ya hydrogen, Ping Yan yatangije ubwo yakoreshaga lisansi, yagize ati: "Ubuhanga bwose dukora bushingiye ku ntego yo 'gukoresha make, winjiza byinshi'." Ingufu z'iyi mashini zitunganya lisansi ziri hagati ya 200kW na 300kW, zifite ingufu zingana na 300kW—zikubye kabiri urwego rw'inganda zisanzwe.

Igihe cy'akazi k'imodoka zitwara lisansi cyarenze amasaha 30.000, bingana n'urugendo rwa kilometero miliyoni 1.2, rurenze 50% ugereranyije n'impuzandengo y'inganda. Ibi bigabanya cyane ikiguzi cy'imikorere y'abashoferi b'amakamyo," Ping Yan yavuze yishimye.

Iri koranabuhanga ritangaje ryanogejwe n'itsinda ry'ubushakashatsi n'iterambere mu turere dukomeye cyane. Ping Yan yagize ati: "Mu gihe cy'itumba rishize, twari dufite icyicaro i Mohe, mu gace gakonje cyane ka -30°C. Twazamutse muri tagisi kugira ngo dukemure ikibazo mbere y'uko izuba rihita, kandi ntitwigeze duhagarara nubwo intoki zacu zari zikomeye kubera ubukonje." Amaherezo itsinda ryageze ku ntangiriro y'ubukonje bukabije mu gihe cy'ubukonje bukabije bwa -30°C, aho umuvuduko wo kugabanya ubukonje wari munsi ya 10%. Ibi byakemuye burundu ikibazo cyo gutangira ubukonje buciriritse, bituma amakamyo ya hydrogen ashobora gukora mu majyaruguru no mu majyepfo y'Ubushinwa mu bihe bine by'umwaka.

"Abashoferi b'amakamyo bajya mu gutwara abantu ku ntego imwe y'ingenzi: gutwara imizigo myinshi," Ping Yan yavuze ubwo yakinguraga urugi rw'ikamyo ya hydrogen agatumira abanyamakuru mu modoka. Konsole yoroshye kuyikoresha n'intebe nini y'inyuma byose byagenewe guhuza n'ingeso z'abashoferi b'ingendo ndende. Yerekanye uburemere buri ku rugi, yavuze ko itsinda ryasuye imijyi irenga 20 n'ibigo birenga 50 by'ubwikorezi kugira ngo barebe kandi bakemure ikibazo cy'"uburemere bukabije bw'imizigo butuma imizigo iba mike". Binyuze mu ikoranabuhanga ryimbitse ryo kwihuza, ibyuma bikomeye n'ibice bya aluminiyumu, uburemere bw'imizigo y'imodoka ni hagati ya kg 200-500 ugereranyije n'ikigereranyo cy'inganda. "Mu nzira y'ubwikorezi iva Liuzhou ijya Shenzhen, mu gihe cy'imizigo ikurikije amategeko, abashoferi bashobora gutwara imizigo myinshi kandi bakinjiza amayuan ibihumbi mirongo buri mwaka. Iyi niyo nzira yoroshye gukoresha kandi yunguka," Ping Yan yavuze mu buryo bweruye.

Inyungu ni ingenzi, kandi umutekano ni ingenzi kurushaho. Ping Yan yakandagiye cyane ku gitereko cy'imodoka: "Iyi ni cabine yacu yihariye ya 'dragon bone', ipfundikiwe n'ibyuma bikomeye kandi ifatanye n'imitako ibiri irwanya impanuka, kimwe n'akabati k'umutekano ku bashoferi." Yasobanuye ko iyi nyubako idakingira gusa abashoferi, ahubwo inakingira neza ihuriro rya silindiri ya hydrogen n'umutako w'uturemangingo twa lisansi mu gihe habaye impanuka, cyane cyane birinda ibyago byo kuvamo hydrogen.

Mu gusubiza impungenge abaturage bakunze kugira ku mutekano wa hydrogen, Qiu Li yavuze atuje ko amakamyo ya hydrogen ya DFLZM ubu akoresha ububiko bwa hydrogen bwizewe kandi burimo kuvugurura ububiko bwa hydrogen bukoresha umwuka. Bishingiye ku bunararibonye bw'imyaka myinshi bw'ikigo mu gukora silinda zikoresha umuvuduko mwinshi, silinda za hydrogen zahawe umwihariko zatsinze ibizamini bikomeye birimo ingaruka, gutobora no gutwika, hamwe n'amahame y'umutekano ari hejuru ugereranije na silinda zisanzwe. Ibicuruzwa byatsinze ibyemezo byo mu gihugu no mu mahanga, nta mpanuka na nke kandi nta ngaruka zihishe kuva byatangizwa ku bwinshi. Hamwe no gucunga amategeko akomeye y'igihugu, inzira yose iri mu mutekano kandi irashobora kugenzurwa.

Ikoranabuhanga rigezweho rituma isoko rizamuka cyane. Qiu Li yagize ati: "Mu Gushyingo 2024, ku isabukuru y'imyaka 70 ya DFLZM, ikamyo yacu ya mbere ya hydrogen, Chenglong H7 PRO, yagaragaye ku mugaragaro. Ibi byagaragaje iterambere rishya mu bushakashatsi n'iterambere ry'ikamyo za hydrogen zikomeye kandi byazanye icyiciro gishya cy'ubushakashatsi n'iterambere rinini n'umusaruro. Mu 2025, umubare w'ibicuruzwa byacu warenze 1.800, bituma tubona umwanya wa mbere mu nganda mu bijyanye n'isoko, kandi ibyo twategetse ubu byamaze gutegurwa mu gice cya kabiri cy'umwaka."

Mu kiganiro, Qiu Li yafunguye telefoni ye igendanwa, kandi itangazo ry’igerageza ry’ikoreshwa ry’ingufu za hydrogen ryo mu 2026 ryasohotse muri Werurwe uyu mwaka ryari rikomeye cyane. Ryavuze ko amakamyo akomeye ya hydrogen "ava mu myigaragambyo ajya mu bikorwa byinshi, ava mu myigaragambyo ajya mu bikorwa by’ubucuruzi". Igihugu cyihaye intego yo kongera kabiri umubare w’imodoka zitwara lisansi mu 2030 ugereranije na 2025, kandi cyashyizeho politiki nka "inkunga y’ibihembo aho gutanga amafaranga mu buryo butaziguye" na "kugabanya imisoro no gusonerwa amafaranga mu mihanda minini", bitera iterambere rikomeye mu nganda.

Qiu Li yavuze ko amakamyo ya DFLZM atwara imizigo ikomeye ya hydrogen amaze igihe kinini aba imbaraga zikomeye mu bintu nk'ibijyanye n'ubwikorezi, ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro n'ibyambu. Ku "muhanda wa hydrogen" w'Umuhanda Mushya Mpuzamahanga w'Ubucuruzi bwo ku Nyanja mu Burengerazuba bw'Ubushinwa, urugendo rwabo rw'akazi rwageze kuri kilometero miliyoni 30; muri Fuyuan Coal Mine mu Ntara ya Yunnan, ikiguzi cyo kujya no kugaruka kiri hasi ugereranyije n'icy'amakamyo atwara imizigo ikomeye y'amashanyarazi; kandi ku isoko ry'ibikoresho bya Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, amabwiriza yatanzwe yagiye asinywa kandi atangwa uko bikurikirana.

Mu kuvuga ku hazaza, Qiu Li afite icyizere cyuzuye. DFLZM irimo kuva ku "guhindura lisansi ijya kuri hydrogen" ikagera ku "urubuga kavukire rwa hydrogen-electron", kandi iteza imbere iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga ryo kubika hydrogen kuva ku mwuka ujya ku mazi. Iyi sosiyete irateganya kugera ku giciro kingana mu kugura imodoka zitwara lisansi ya hydrogen n'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi mu gihe cy'imyaka 5, aho umusaruro wa buri munsi ugera ku 100 n'umusaruro wa buri mwaka ugera ku 30.000, bigatuma ikiguzi cyose cy'imodoka zitwara lisansi ya hydrogen kiri hasi ugereranyije n'iy'imodoka zitwara mazutu.

Ingufu za hydrogène si zo zisimbura isoko ry'ingufu rimwe, ahubwo ni ihuriro ry'ingenzi ryo kurangiza uburyo bwo kubika ingufu mu gihugu mu gihe kirekire. Ishingiye ku rufatiro rukomeye rw'inganda za Liuzhou, DFLZM ifata iyi myitozo nk'icyumba cy'ibizamini, ikoranabuhanga nk'urupapuro rw'ibisubizo, n'imibereho myiza y'abantu nk'ishingiro. Ihindura imbaraga nshya nziza zitanga umusaruro mu iterambere, bigatuma amakamyo akomeye ya hydrogène akorwa n'inganda z'ubwenge za Liuzhou azamuka n'imbaraga za hydrogène. Ifitanye isano rya bugufi n'iterambere rusange ry'inganda mu gihugu ndetse n'inzozi z'abashoferi b'amakamyo ibihumbi n'ibihumbi,Amakamyo yo mu bwoko bwa E bizagera ku iterambere rirambye kandi rirambye mu rwego rw’imizigo itarenza ibidukikije.